Periodontal Disease

The term “periodontal” refers to the tissues surrounding the teeth, including the gums and the supporting bone. Periodontal disease is a condition that affects these tissues and can lead to tooth loss. It starts with the formation of plaque, a sticky film comprising food debris, bacteria, and saliva. If plaque is not effectively removed, it hardens into calculus, also known as tartar. Over time, the presence of plaque and calculus can cause damage to the gums and bone, leading to periodontal disease. Common symptoms of this condition include redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums.

Surprisingly, four out of five individuals have periodontal disease without realizing it. The early stages of the disease are typically painless, which is why many people remain unaware of its presence.

In addition to being the leading cause of tooth loss, research suggests a potential connection between periodontal disease and other health conditions such as stroke, bacterial pneumonia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and an increased risk during pregnancy. Scientists are currently investigating how the inflammation and bacteria associated with periodontal disease may impact these systemic diseases and conditions. It’s worth noting that smoking also elevates the risk of developing periodontal disease.

Fortunately, there are preventive measures you can take to reduce your risk of developing periodontal disease. Good oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing and flossing, along with a balanced diet, can help maintain oral health. Regular visits to the dentist for professional cleanings and check-ups are also crucial.

It’s important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of periodontal disease, which may include:

1. Bleeding gums: Gums should not bleed, even with vigorous brushing or flossing.
2. Loose teeth: This can result from bone loss or weakened periodontal fibers that support the teeth.
3. Spacing between teeth: Gaps may appear due to bone loss.
4. Persistent bad breath: Bacteria in the mouth can cause chronic halitosis.
5. Pus around the teeth and gums: This indicates the presence of an infection.
6. Receding gums: Loss of gum tissue around a tooth.
7. Red and swollen gums: Healthy gums should not be red or swollen.
8. Gum tenderness or discomfort: Irritation of the gums and teeth caused by plaque, calculus, and bacteria.

By being proactive about your oral health and recognizing the signs of periodontal disease, you can take steps to protect your teeth and overall well-being. For more information, feel free to explore our related pages.