What is an Orthodontist?

Similar to how doctors specialize in various medical fields like cardiology and neurology, dentists can also choose to specialize. Orthodontics is a dental specialty focused on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of facial and dental irregularities, particularly malocclusions or bad bites. While many orthodontic practices primarily offer dentofacial orthopedics and general orthodontics, they can effectively treat patients of any age.

Orthodontists are fully qualified dentists who undergo an additional three years of university-based study and gain extensive clinical experience through an orthodontic residency program. The American Association of Orthodontists (AAO) serves as the regulatory body for this branch of dentistry. Choosing an orthodontist who is a member of the AAO provides assurance that the treatment is being administered by an individual with specialized education in oral biology and biomechanics. The AAO recommends that children receive their first orthodontic examination around the age of seven to identify any potential jaw and tooth irregularities in their early stages.

What does an orthodontist do?

Orthodontists specialize in correcting misalignments of the teeth and jaw. Misalignment can cause various problems, including speech defects, chewing difficulties, and challenges in maintaining proper oral hygiene.

Here is an overview of some common issues that orthodontists can effectively treat:

1. Anteroposterior deviations: Examples include underbite (lower teeth positioned further forward than upper teeth) and overbite (upper teeth positioned further forward than lower teeth). These deviations can affect articulation and chewing.

2. Overcrowding: Insufficient jawbone space may prevent adult teeth from aligning properly with existing teeth. Orthodontists can realign the teeth using discreet devices and treatments.

3. Aesthetic issues: Malocclusions or a bad bite can negatively impact the overall facial appearance. Orthodontists can restructure and realign the jaw, lips, and teeth to create an even, beautiful smile.

How does an orthodontist realign jaws and teeth?

Initially, the orthodontist conducts a comprehensive examination of the jaw and teeth. Panoramic x-rays and bite impressions (study models) are taken to aid in treatment recommendations. Based on the patient’s specific condition, the orthodontist develops the most suitable treatment plan.

Here is a brief overview of some common orthodontic treatments:

1. Dental braces: Brackets are attached to each individual tooth, and an archwire connects the brackets to gently guide the teeth into proper alignment. Braces can be made of metal, ceramics, or clear materials for a less noticeable appearance.

2. Headgear and facemasks: These devices are typically used to correct developmental problems such as overbites or underbites. In addition to dental braces, the orthodontist designs headgear or facemasks that fit around the head and attach to the braces, further encouraging alignment of the teeth and jawbone.

3. Retainers: Once the teeth have been realigned using braces, removable devices, or headgear, a retainer may be provided to prevent them from shifting back to their original positions. Retainers are usually worn until the underlying bone has fully reformed into the correct position.

Orthodontists employ these and other techniques to achieve optimal alignment and provide patients with healthier, more aesthetically pleasing smiles.